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1.于濱，美國文博大學(Wittenberg University)政治系教授，上海美國學會資深研究員，2013－14年任美國陸軍戰(zhàn)爭學院戰(zhàn)略研究所訪問學者。

2.朝戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)后，為了牽制中國在朝的軍事行動，美國也開始積極鼓動西藏上層的“獨立”活動，策動達賴外逃。為此，美國駐印度大使館在1951年還制定了把達賴“綁架”到印度的計劃。見Kenneth Conboy and James Morrison, CIA’ Secret War in Tibet (University Press of Kansas, 2002), pp. 11-17。

3.見筆者2005年二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束60周年發(fā)表于英文《亞洲時報》的《紀念日之挽歌》)，Yu Bin, “The Anniversary Elegy,” Asia Times, August 16, 2005, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China/GH16Ad07.html.

4.參見Joseph C. Goulden, Korea: The Untold Story of the War (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1982), p. XV。此書1990年由解放軍出版社翻譯出版：《朝鮮：未透露的戰(zhàn)爭》（于濱、談鋒、蔣偉民譯），修訂版即將將由新華出版社出版。

美國軍事史學家S.L.A.馬歇爾認為朝戰(zhàn)是“本世紀糟糕透頂?shù)男?zhàn)爭”(The century’s nastiest little war)。 見David Halberstam, The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War (Hyperion, 2007), p. 1.

5.近期著述參見Blair: The Clay Forgotten War: America in Korea 1950-1953 (Naval Institute Press, 2003); James Wheaton, The Forgotten War: A Brief History of the Korean War (CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012); Joseph C. Goulden, Korea: The Untold Story of the War (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1982).

6.David Halberstam, The Best and Brightest (Ballantine Books, 1972).

7.David Halberstam, The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War (Hyperion, 2007). 此書于2010年由重慶出版社翻譯出版 （王祖寧、劉寅龍譯）。

8.見David Halberstam, The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War (Hyperion, 2007) 精裝本的封套。

9.見Allan Millett, “Remembering the Forgotten War: Anglo-American Scholarship on the Korean Conflict,” TRANSACTIONS of the Royal Asiatic Society, Korea Branch, Vol. 70, 1995, pp. 53-70.

10.奧巴馬原話為：“This was no tie. This was a victory. It was a victory then, and it is a victory today”。見Peter Maer, “Obama Calls Korean War a ‘Victory,’ Hails Veterans,” CBS News, November 10, 2010, http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20022466-503544.html。

11.Walter LaFeber, America, Russia, and the Cold War, 1945-2006, updated 10th ed. (McGraw-Hill, 2008), p. ix.

12.見Matt Spetalnick and Anna Yukhananov, “Analysis: North Korea tests Obama's ‘strategic patience’,” Reuters, April 9, 2013, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/04/09/us-korea-north-obama-idUSBRE9380YR20130409。

13.2009年2月初，新任國務卿希拉里在給日本外相中曾根弘文的電話中，聲稱她將“重視綁架問題，理解日本人民的心情?！毕＠锏耐饨槐響B(tài)，拋棄了布什政府2006年以來擱置綁架問題、直接與朝鮮對話的政策。而布什的現(xiàn)實主義政策，對當時已經(jīng)被所謂“綁架問題”綁架了的日本輿論和對朝政策造成強力沖擊，也是2007年第六論會談取得突破的關鍵。奧巴馬就任后，日本國內(nèi)被壓抑多年的務實派，也祈盼奧巴馬政府能夠?qū)θ毡颈Ｊ嘏衫^續(xù)施以外部壓力，以期改變?nèi)毡颈Ｊ嘏蓪壖軉栴}不依不饒、使朝鮮“威脅”常態(tài)化的企圖。而希拉里的表態(tài)，對日本的鷹派無疑是雪中送炭，日本對朝政策因此更趨強硬。見Ayako Doi, “What Hillary Should Tell Japan,” PacNet Newsletter, No. 8, February 4, 2009, http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/pac0908.pdf。

14.有關西方學界對朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭研究的評介，參見Allan R. Millett, Bibliographic Essay, in Millett, The War for Korea, 1950-1951: They Came from the North (University Press of Kansas, 2010), pp. 577-610; “The Korean War: A 50-year Critical Historiography,” Journal of Strategic Studies 24:1 (2001): pp. 188-224; “Review Essay: a Reader’s Guide to the Korean War,” The Journal of Military History 61 (July 1997), pp. 583-97; Rosemary Food, “Making Know the Unknown War: Policy Analysis of the Korean Conflict in the Last Decade,” Diplomatic History, 15 (Summer, 1991), pp. 411-431; William Stueck, “The Korean War as International History,” Diplomatic History 10 (Fall, 1986), 291-309; Judith Munro-Leighton, “A Postrevisionist Scrutiny of America’s Role in the Cold War in Asia, 1945-1950,”  Journal of American-East Asian Relations 1 (Spring, 1992), pp. 73-98.

15.見Allan R. Millett, The War for Korea, 1950-1951 (2010), p. 608。

16.Yu Bin, “Chinese People’s Volunteers—Tactics, Equipment and Logistics,” in James Matray and Donald Boose Jr., eds., Ashgate Research Companion to the Korean War (UK.: Ashgate Publishing Ltd., forthcoming 2014).

17.Bruce Cumings, The Origins of the Korean War, Volume I: Liberation and the Emergence of Separate Regimes, 1945-1947 (Princeton University Press, 1981).

18.Bruce Cumings, The Origins of the Korean War, Volume II: The Roaring of the Cataract, 1947-1950 (Princeton University Press, 1990).

19.Jon Halliday and Bruce Cumings, The Unknown War: Korea (New York: Pantheon, 1988).

20.John Merrill, Korea: The Peninsular Origins of the War (University of Delaware Press, 1989).

21.I. F. Stone, The Hidden History of the Korean War, 1950-1951 (Boston: Little Brown, 1952). 此書1989年由浙江人民出版社翻譯出版。

22.T.R. Fehrenbach, This Kind of War: A Study of Unpreparedness (New York: Macmillan, 1963).

23.Bevan Alexander, Korea: The First War We Lost (New York: Hippocrene, 1986). 此書由中國社會科學出版社2003年翻譯出版。

24.Allan Millett, “Remembering the Forgotten War: Anglo-American Scholarship on the Korean Conflict,” TRANSACTIONS of the Royal Asiatic Society, Korea Branch, Vol. 70, 1995, pp. 55-59.

25.Gregory Henderson, Korea: The Politics of the Vortex (Harvard University Press, 1968).

26.Alexander George, The Chinese Communist Army in Action: The Korean War and Its Aftermath (New York: Columbia University Press, 1967).

27.Roy E. Appleman, Disaster in Korea: The Chinese Confront MacArthur (College Station: Taxes A&M University Press, 1989).

28.Clay Blair, The Forgotten War: America in Korea, 1950-1953 (New York: Times Books, 1987).

29.Max Hastings, The Korean War (Simon & Schuster, 1987).

30.Allan Millett, The War for Korea, 1950-1951, They Came From the North (University Press of Kansas, 2010). 此書正在被國內(nèi)一家出版社翻譯，該書的第二卷也將在年內(nèi)問世。

31.William Stueck, The Korean War: An International History (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995).

32.2004年10月7日， 哈伯斯塔姆在美國俄亥俄州哥倫布市采訪筆者，其中尤為關注中方對美軍、尤其是海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊作戰(zhàn)能力的印象和評估。

33.有關美國軍方的史料，見Allan R. Millett, Their War for Korea: American, Asian, and European Combatants and Civilians, 1945-53 (Washington D.C.: Brassey’s Inc., 2002), 第263頁; “Review Essay: a Reader’s Guide to the Korean War,” The Journal of Military History 61 (July 1997)，尤其是590-92頁; “Remembering the Forgotten War: Anglo-American Scholarship on the Korean Conflict,” TRANSACTIONS of the Royal Asiatic Society, Korea Branch, Vol. 70, 1995, 尤其是59-65頁。

34.Allen S. Whiting, China Crosses the Yalu: the Decision to Enter the Korean War (Stanford University Press, 1960).

35.見Bin Yu, Review of the field, “The Study of Chinese Foreign Policy: Problems and Prospect,” World Politics, 46, no. 2, (Princeton University, January 1994), 尤其是237–40頁。

36.Chen Jian, China’s Road to the Korean War: The Making of the Sino-American Confrontation (Columbia University Press, 1994).

37.見沈志華：《毛澤東、斯大林與朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭》，廣東人民出版社2004年版，第343－51頁。

38.見沈志華， 同上， 第13、15頁。

39.同上， 第350頁。

40.鳳凰網(wǎng)專訪沈志華：“歷史研究的偉大就在于追求真相”，2010年06月23日鳳凰歷史專稿，http://news.ifeng.com/history/special/chubingdongji/detail_2010_06/23/1660093_6.shtml。

41.Shu Guang Zhang, Mao’s Military Romanticism: China and the Korean War, 1950-1953 (University Press of Kansas, 1995).

42.如9兵團在東線的大規(guī)模凍傷，64軍、65軍5個師在第5次戰(zhàn)役中在漢江南岸在聯(lián)軍連續(xù)兩天的密集空炮火力攻擊中傷亡嚴重，志愿軍第180師突圍失敗，等等。見徐焰：《第一次較量——抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭的歷史回顧與反思》，中國廣播電視出版社1990年版，第60－61、86－88、91－97頁。

43.Kristen R. Monroe, ed., Perestroika! The Raucous Rebellion in Political Science (New York: Vail-Ballou Press, 2005); Emily Eakin, “Political Scientists Are in a Revolution Instead of Watching,” New York Times, November 4, 2000.

44.Michael Hunt, Ideology and American Foreign Policy (Yale University Press, 1987).

45.科恩本人在一次學術會議上突然脫口放出此言，包括筆者在內(nèi)的很多與會者為之震動。

46.Warren Cohen, “China’s Strategic Culture,” The Atlantic Monthly, March 1997, pp. 103-5.

47.關于主流派的這一傾向，見艾倫·梅萊(Allan R. Millett)的 “Review Essay: A Reader’s Guide to the Korean War,” The Journal of Military History 61 (July 1997), pp. 583-97，尤其是第583－84頁。

48.見孟照輝：《抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭志愿軍傷亡人數(shù)辨析——與“尊重每一個生命”作者商榷》，《軍事歷史》，2012年第2期， 59－61頁。

49.Steven Hugh Lee, The Korean War (UK: Pearson Education Limited, 2001).

50.Bruce Cumings,The Korean War: A History (Modern Library, 2011).

51.筆者1998年在美國《戰(zhàn)略評論》雜志上，也對志愿軍的一、二次戰(zhàn)役的戰(zhàn)略戰(zhàn)術加以比較和分析。見Yu Bin, “What China Learned from its ‘Forgotten War’ in Korea,” Strategic Review (summer 1998), pp. 4-16.

52.Korea Institute of Military History, The Korean War: Volume 1 (University of Nebraska Press, 2000); The Korean War: Volume 2 (University of Nebraska Press, 1998); The Korean War: Volume 3 (University of Nebraska Press, 2001).

53.有位美國學者曾暗示美方有上述兩書的“內(nèi)部版”，但這并未得到其他學者的認可。

54.西方出版界只是非常有限地翻譯、介紹了一些有關中國參戰(zhàn)前后的高層決策的史料，如Steven Goldstein and Di He, “New Chinese Sources on the History of the Cold War,” Cold War International History Project Bulletin 1 (Spring 1992), pp. 4-6; Sergei Goncharov, John Lewis and Litai Xue, Uncertain Partners: Stalin, Mao and the Korean War (Studies in International Security and Arms Control (Stanford University Press, 1995), Appendix, pp. 229-95.

55.Li, Xiaobing, Allan R. Millett and Bin Yu, trans. and eds., Mao’s Generals Remember Korea (Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 2001).

56.Allan R. Millett,“The Korean War: A 50-Year Critical Historiography,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Vol. 24, No. 1 (March 2001), pp. 188-224.

57.見沈志華，《毛澤東、斯大林與朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭》，廣東人民出版社2004年3月版，第173-193頁。